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A Critical Evaluation of Clinical Trials in Cancer and Pharmacogenomics Nature Precedings
I. C. Baianu.
A critical overview of recent clinical trials in cancer is presented focused on signaling pathways blockers or inhibitors with a view to developing successful clinical trials employing personalized cancer therapies. Rational, pharmacogenomic strategies in cancer trials should be adopted that include specific molecular targeting based on adequate data for, and detailed modeling of, cancer cell genomes, modifications of cancer signaling pathways and epigenetic mechanisms. Novel translational oncogenomics research is rapidly expanding through the application of highly sensitive and specific advanced technology, research findings and computational tools and complex models to both pharmaceutical and clinical problems. Multiple sample analyses from several...
Tipo: Manuscript Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Cancer; Chemistry; Developmental Biology; Genetics & Genomics; Immunology; Molecular Cell Biology; Pharmacology; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2012 URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/7052/version/1
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A Novel NIR Spectroscopy Correlation Approach to Amino Acid Analysis of Soybean Proteins for Composition Improvements- (v.4) Nature Precedings
Valentin Prisecaru; I. C. Baianu.
Amino acid NIR calibrations were developed in our Physical Chemistry of Foods Laboratory of the University of Illinois at Urbana for three selected amino acid groups that include essential amino acids for identified soybean accessions. Conventional “wet chemistry” analytical methods are time-consuming and costly. As a result, soybean breeders and researchers have an imperative need to utilize faster and less expensive methods. NIR Spectroscopy is a rapid and inexpensive method for composition analysis for academia and industry. Recent advancements in instrumentation design, such as the application of the Diode Array (DA) technique and the Fourier Transform (FT) IR and NIR techniques, have significantly improved overall instrument...
Tipo: Presentation Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Chemistry; Developmental Biology; Genetics & Genomics; Immunology; Molecular Cell Biology; Bioinformatics; Earth & Environment; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2011 URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6231/version/4
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Applications Of Microspectroscopy, Hyperspectral Chemical Imaging And Fluorescence Microscopy In Chemistry, Biochemistry, Biotechnology, Molecular And Cell Biology Nature Precedings
I. C. Baianu.
Chemical imaging is a technique for the simultaneous measurement of spectra (chemical information) and images or pictures (spatial information)^1,2^. The technique is most often applied to either solid or gel samples, and has applications in chemistry, biology^3-8^, medicine^9,10^, pharmacy^11^ (see also for example: Chemical Imaging Without Dyeing), food science, Food Physical Chemistry, Biotechnology^12,13^, Agriculture and industry. NIR, IR and Raman chemical imaging is also referred to as hyperspectral, spectroscopic, spectral or multi-spectral imaging (also see micro-spectroscopy). However, other ultra-sensitive and selective, chemical imaging techniques are also in use that involve either UV-visible or fluorescence microspectroscopy.
Tipo: Manuscript Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Cancer; Chemistry; Developmental Biology; Genetics & Genomics; Molecular Cell Biology; Pharmacology; Bioinformatics; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2011 URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6593/version/1
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Cancer Clinical Trials Optimization and Pharmacogenomics Nature Precedings
I. C. Baianu.
A critical overview of recent clinical trials in cancer is presented focused on signaling pathways blockers or inhibitors with a view to developing successful clinical trials employing personalized cancer therapies. Rational, pharmacogenomic strategies in cancer trials should be adopted that include specific molecular targeting based on adequate data for, and detailed modeling of, cancer cell genomes, modifications of cancer signaling pathways and epigenetic mechanisms. Novel translational oncogenomics research is rapidly expanding through the application of highly sensitive and specific advanced technology, research findings and computational tools and complex models to both pharmaceutical and clinical problems. Multiple sample analyses from several...
Tipo: Manuscript Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Cancer; Chemistry; Genetics & Genomics; Immunology; Molecular Cell Biology; Pharmacology; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2012 URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/7046/version/1
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Category of Metabolic-Replication Systems in Biology and Medicine Nature Precedings
I. C. Baianu.
Metabolic-repair models, or (M,R)-systems were introduced in Relational Biology by Robert Rosen. Subsequently, Rosen represented such (M,R)-systems (or simply MRs)in terms of categories of sets, deliberately selected without any structure other than the discrete topology of sets. Theoreticians of life's origins postulated that Life on Earth has begun with the simplest possible organism, called the primordial. Mathematicians interested in biology attempted to answer this important question of the minimal living organism by defining the functional relations that would have made life possible in such a minimal system- a grandad and grandma of all living organisms on Earth.
Tipo: Manuscript Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Microbiology; Neuroscience; Bioinformatics; Earth & Environment; Evolutionary Biology.
Ano: 2012 URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/7045/version/1
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Complex Systems Analysis of Cell Cycling Models in Carcinogenesis Nature Precedings
I. C. Baianu.
A new approach to the modular, complex systems analysis of nonlinear dynamics in cell cycling network transformations involved in carcinogenesis is proposed. Carcinogenesis is a complex process that involves dynamically inter-connected biomolecules in the intercellular, membrane, cytosolic, nuclear and nucleolar compartments that form numerous inter-related pathways referred to as networks.
The variable biotopology of such dynamic networks is highly complex, and has a number of interesting properties that can be formally characterized at one level of organization by mathematical structures called 'biogroupoids'. 
One such family of pathways contains the cell cyclins. Cyclins are proteins that link several...
Tipo: Manuscript Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Cancer; Chemistry; Developmental Biology; Genetics & Genomics; Immunology; Molecular Cell Biology; Pharmacology; Bioinformatics; Evolutionary Biology.
Ano: 2011 URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6205/version/1
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Complex Systems Biology of Organisms Nature Precedings
I. C. Baianu.
Complex Systems Biology models and theories are axiomatically defined in terms of concrete categories and organismic supercategories (OS) to include both complete self-reproduction of logically defined pi-entities founded in Quine's logic and dynamic system diagrams subject to both algebraic and topological transformations. Mathematical models of complex organisms are expressed in terms of category theory and organismic supercategories (OS). OS theories have applications in: Bioinformatics, Developmental Biology, Genomics and Molecular Cell Biology
Tipo: Manuscript Palavras-chave: Developmental Biology; Genetics & Genomics; Molecular Cell Biology; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2012 URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/7044/version/1
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Determination of Isoflavone Contents for Selected Soybean Lines and Soy Foods by Fourier Transform Near Infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy Nature Precedings
I. C. Baianu; Tiefeng You; Randall L. Nelson.
Soybean isoflavones are of considerable interest in relation to their possible health effects in human diets. Rapid and economical determination of soybean isoflavone contents is essential for breeding and selection of soybean seeds with optimal isoflavone levels for food applications. Fourier Transform Near Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-NIR) calibrations were developed for rapid and reliable analysis of soybean isoflavone content. Our isoflavone calibrations are characterized by low standard errors (<0.02%) and high degrees of correlation (>99%).
Tipo: Presentation Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Chemistry; Genetics & Genomics; Immunology; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2011 URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6194/version/1
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Determination of Soybean Oil, Protein and Amino Acid Residues in Soybean Seeds by High Resolution Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMRS) and Near Infrared (NIRS) Nature Precedings
I. C. Baianu; Tiefeng You; Doina Costescu; P R. Lozano; Valentin Prisecaru; Randall L. Nelson.
A detailed account is presented of our high resolution nuclear magnetic resonance (HR-NMR) and near infrared (NIR) calibration models, methodologies and validation procedures, together with a large number of composition analyses for soybean seeds. NIR calibrations were developed based on both HR-NMR and analytical chemistry reference data for oil and twelve amino acid residues in mature soybeans and soybean embryos. This is our first report of HR-NMR determinations of amino acid profiles of proteins from whole soybean seeds, without protein extraction from the seed. It was found that the best results for both oil and protein calibrations were obtained with a Partial Least Squares Regression (PLS-1) analysis of our extensive NIR spectral data, acquired...
Tipo: Presentation Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Chemistry; Developmental Biology; Ecology; Genetics & Genomics; Molecular Cell Biology; Bioinformatics; Plant Biology; Data Standards.
Ano: 2012 URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/7053/version/1
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Dual Diode Array and Fourier Transform Near Infrared Reflectance Spectrometer Calibrations for Composition Analysis of Single Soybean Seeds for Genetic Selection, Cross-Breeding Experiments Nature Precedings
I. C. Baianu; Tiefeng You; Randall L. Nelson.
Experimental results of extensive evaluations of Diode-Array and FT-NIRS instruments are presented that aim at developing reliable and robust NIR calibrations for single soybean seed composition analysis on both Dual Diode Array and Fourier Transform NIR reflectance instruments. Single soybean seed, bulk, and powder calibrations were developed on four different NIRS spectrometer models that are commercially available.
Tipo: Presentation Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Chemistry; Genetics & Genomics; Molecular Cell Biology; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2011 URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6195/version/1
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Early Diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease by NIRF Spectroscopy and Nuclear Medicine Nature Precedings
I. C. Baianu.
There is an urgent need for the early detection of diseases such as Alzheimer’s (AD) and Cancers in order to enable their successful treatment. Cancer is the second major cause of death after Heart Disease, and AD is the third major cause of death with major, human and financial/economics trillion dollar consequences for the society. Nuclear Medicine is concerned with applications in Medicine of Nuclear Science and Engineering techniques and knowledge. Three major Nuclear Medicine techniques that are established for diagnostic and research purposes are: Positron Emission Tomography (PET) and CAT/CT, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Imaging (NMRI/MRI). However, these three techniques have also major limitations in terms of either cost or image...
Tipo: Manuscript Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Cancer; Chemistry; Genetics & Genomics; Molecular Cell Biology; Neuroscience; Pharmacology; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2011 URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6271/version/1
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First Report of 1 Micron Spatial Resolution Chemical Imaging of a Zirconium Single Crystal by FT-NIR Microspectroscopy Nature Precedings
I. C. Baianu.
This is the first report of 1 micron resolution chemical images of a Zirconium single crystal by FT-NIR Microspectroscopy. The FT-NIR spectra were obtained with a PerkinElmer SpectrumONE NTS spectrometer. The chemical images were obtained with a PerkinElmer Autoimage model FT-NIR microscope equipped with a very high sensitivity In /GaAs detector capable of precise measurements at ~10 ng, that was coupled to the SpectrumONE NTS FT-NIR spectrometer.
Tipo: Manuscript Palavras-chave: Chemistry; Data Standards.
Ano: 2011 URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6599/version/1
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Food Physical Chemistry and Biophysical Chemistry (v2) Nature Precedings
I. C. Baianu.
Food Physical Chemistry is considered to be a branch of Food Chemistry^1,2^ concerned with the study of both physical and chemical interactions in foods in terms of physical and chemical principles applied to food systems, as well as the applications of physical/chemical techniques and instrumentation for the study of foods^3,4,5,6^. This field encompasses the "physiochemical principles of the reactions and conversions that occur during the manufacture, handling, and storage of foods"^7^. Two rapidly growing, related areas are Food Biotechnology and Food Biophysical Chemistry. 

Tipo: Manuscript Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Chemistry; Genetics & Genomics; Microbiology; Molecular Cell Biology; Pharmacology; Bioinformatics; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2011 URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6573/version/2
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Metabolic, Replication and Genomic Category of Systems in Biology, Bioinformatics and Medicine Nature Precedings
I. C. Baianu.
Metabolic-repair models, or (M,R)-systems were introduced in Relational Biology by Robert Rosen. Subsequently, Rosen represented such (M,R)-systems (or simply MRs)in terms of categories of sets, deliberately selected without any structure other than the discrete topology of sets. Theoreticians of life’s origins postulated that Life on Earth has begun with the simplest possible organism, called the primordial. Mathematicians interested in biology attempted to answer this important question of the minimal living organism by defining the functional relations that would have made life possible in such a minimal system- a grandad and grandma of all living organisms on Earth. Genomic systems are also considered as molecular realizations of...
Tipo: Manuscript Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Cancer; Genetics & Genomics; Molecular Cell Biology; Neuroscience; Bioinformatics; Earth & Environment; Evolutionary Biology.
Ano: 2012 URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/7051/version/1
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Molecular Models of DNA Structures and Dynamics: Principles, Techniques and Applications Nature Precedings
I. C. Baianu.
Molecular models of DNA structures are representations of the molecular geometry and topology of Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) molecules using one of several means, such as: closely packed spheres (CPK models) made of plastic, metal wires for 'skeletal models', graphic computations and animations by computers, artistic rendering, and so on, with the aim of simplifying and presenting the essential, physical and chemical, properties of DNA molecular structures either in vivo or in vitro. Computer molecular models also allow animations and molecular dynamics simulations that are very important for understanding how DNA functions in vivo.
Tipo: Manuscript Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Cancer; Chemistry; Developmental Biology; Genetics & Genomics; Microbiology; Molecular Cell Biology; Bioinformatics; Plant Biology; Evolutionary Biology.
Ano: 2012 URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/7075/version/1
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Near Infrared Microspectroscopy, Fluorescence Microspectroscopy, Infrared Chemical Imaging and High-Resolution Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Analysis of Soybean Seeds, Embryos and Single Cells Nature Precedings
I. C. Baianu; Schyler S. Korban; Tiefeng You.
Chemical analysis of soybean seeds, somatic embryos and single cells were carried out by Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR), Fourier Transform Near Infrared (FT-NIR) Microspectroscopy, Fluorescence and High-Resolution NMR (HR-NMR). The first FT-NIR chemical images of biological systems approaching 1 micron (1μ) resolution are presented here. Chemical images obtained by FT-NIR and FT-IR Microspectroscopy are presented for oil in soybean seeds and somatic embryos under physiological conditions. FT-NIR spectra of oil and proteins were obtained for volumes as small as 2μ3. Related, HR-NMR analyses of oil contents in somatic embryos are also presented here with nanoliter precision. Such 400 MHz 1H NMR analyses allowed the selection of...
Tipo: Manuscript Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Cancer; Chemistry; Developmental Biology; Genetics & Genomics; Molecular Cell Biology; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2011 URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6200/version/1
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Near Infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy (NIRS) Determination of Isoflavone Contents for Selected Soybean Accessions Nature Precedings
I. C. Baianu; Jun Guo; Tiefeng You; Randall L. Nelson.
Soybean isoflavones are of considerable interest in relation to their possible health effects in human diets. The rapid and economical determination of soybean isoflavone concentrations is essential for the investigation and development of soybean health foods as well as the selection of soybean seeds with optimal isoflavone levels for such foods. Fourier transforms near infrared reflectance spectroscopy (FT-NIRS) calibrations were developed for the rapid and cost-effective analysis of isoflavones in soybean seeds. FT-NIRS measurements were carried out in quadruplicate for 50 soybean lines selected from the USDA Soybean Germplasm Collection. The selected soybean seeds provided a wide range of isoflavone concentrations (from 0.3 to 6.0 mg/g) that is...
Tipo: Presentation Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Chemistry; Genetics & Genomics; Molecular Cell Biology; Plant Biology; Data Standards.
Ano: 2012 URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/7048/version/1
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Neural Networks, Cell Genome and Interactome Nonlinear Dynamic Models Nature Precedings
I. C. Baianu.
Operational logic and bioinformatics models of nonlinear dynamics in complex functional systems such as neural networks, genomes and cell interactomes are proposed. Łukasiewicz Algebraic Logic models of genetic networks and signaling pathways in cells are formulated in terms of nonlinear dynamic systems with n-state components that allow for the generalization of previous logical models of both genetic activities and neural networks. An algebraic formulation of variable 'next-state functions' is extended to a Łukasiewicz Topos with an n-valued Łukasiewicz Algebraic Logic subobject classifier description that represents non-random and nonlinear network activities as well as their transformations in...
Tipo: Manuscript Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Cancer; Chemistry; Developmental Biology; Genetics & Genomics; Immunology; Molecular Cell Biology; Neuroscience; Pharmacology; Bioinformatics; Evolutionary Biology.
Ano: 2011 URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6206/version/1
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NIR Calibrations for Soybean Seeds and Soy Food Composition Analysis: Total Carbohydrates, Oil, Proteins and Water Contents Nature Precedings
I. C. Baianu; Jun Guo.
Conventional chemical analysis techniques are expensive, time consuming, and often destructive. The non-invasive Near Infrared (NIR) technology was introduced over the last decades for wide-scale, inexpensive chemical analysis of food and crop seed composition (see Williams and Norris, 1987; Wilcox and Cavins, 1995; Buning and Diller, 2000 for reviews of the NIR technique development stage prior to 1998, when Diode Arrays were introduced to NIR). NIR spectroscopic measurements obey Lambert and Beer’s law, and quantitative measurements can be successfully made with high speed and ease of operation. NIR has been used in a great variety of food applications. General applications of products analyzed come from all sectors of the food industry...
Tipo: Manuscript Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Chemistry; Genetics & Genomics; Molecular Cell Biology; Pharmacology; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2011 URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6611/version/1
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NIR Calibrations for Soybean Seeds and Soy Food Composition Analysis: Total Carbohydrates, Oil, Proteins and Water Contents [v.2] Nature Precedings
I. C. Baianu; Jun Guo; Randall L. Nelson; Tiefeng You; Doina M. Costescu.
Conventional chemical analysis techniques are expensive, time consuming, and often destructive. The non-invasive Near Infrared (NIR) technology was introduced over the last decades for wide-scale, inexpensive chemical analysis of food and crop seed composition (see Williams and Norris, 1987; Wilcox and Cavins, 1995; Buning and Diller, 2000 for reviews of the NIR technique development stage prior to 1998, when Diode Arrays were introduced to NIR). NIR spectroscopic measurements obey Lambert and Beer’s law, and quantitative measurements can be successfully made with high speed and ease of operation. NIR has been used in a great variety of food applications. General applications of products analyzed come from all sectors of the food industry...
Tipo: Manuscript Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Cancer; Chemistry; Developmental Biology; Genetics & Genomics; Molecular Cell Biology; Pharmacology; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2011 URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6611/version/2
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